NOTE 1 — NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

Nature of Operations

Rezolute, Inc. (the “Company”) is a clinical stage biopharmaceutical company incorporated in Delaware in 2010.  The Company has one wholly owned subsidiary, AntriaBio Delaware, Inc. (“Antria Delaware”).

Consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and Antria Delaware. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Basis of Presentation

The Company’s consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). Certain amounts in the previously issued comparative financial statements for fiscal 2018 have been reclassified to conform to the current fiscal 2019 financial statement presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on the previously reported net loss, working capital, cash flows and stockholders’ equity (deficit).

Comprehensive income (loss) is defined as net income (loss) plus other comprehensive income (loss). Other comprehensive income (loss) is comprised of revenues, expenses, gains, and losses that under GAAP are reported as separate components of stockholders’ equity (deficit) instead of net income (loss). For the fiscal years ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, the only component of comprehensive loss was the Company’s net loss.

The Company’s Chief Executive Officer also serves as the Company’s chief operating decision maker (the “CODM”) for purposes of allocating resources and assessing performance based on financial information of the Company. Since its inception, the Company has determined that its activities as a clinical stage biopharmaceutical company are classified as a single reportable operating segment.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts in the consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. The Company bases its estimates and assumptions on current facts, historical experience, and various other factors that it believes are reasonable under the circumstances, to determine the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The Company’s significant accounting estimates include, but are not necessarily limited to, estimated useful lives and impairment of fixed assets and intangible assets, fair value of share-based payments and warrants, fair value of derivative instruments, management’s assessment of going concern, estimates of the probability and potential magnitude of contingent liabilities, and the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets due to continuing and expected future operating losses. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Risks and Uncertainties

The Company's operations may be subject to significant risk and uncertainties including financial, operational, regulatory and other risks associated with a clinical stage company, including the potential risk of business failure as discussed further in Note 2.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

All highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less that are freely available for the Company’s immediate and general business use are classified as cash and cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents consist primarily of demand deposits with financial institutions.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, as follows:

 

Leasehold improvements are amortized over the remaining lease term or the estimated useful life of the asset, whichever is shorter. Depreciation commences when assets are initially placed into service for their intended use. Maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred.

Intangible Assets

Intangible assets consist of patents and are recorded at the estimated acquisition date fair value. Such costs are being amortized over 11 years which is the life of the patents at the time they were acquired. Amortization expense related to intangible assets amounted to approximately $7,000 for each of the fiscal years ended June 30, 2019 and 2018. Future amortization expense is expected to be approximately $7,000 for each of the next five fiscal years.

Impairment of Long-lived Assets

Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Impairment exists for property and equipment and identifiable intangible assets if the carrying amounts of such assets exceed the estimates of future net undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by such assets. An impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset, or asset group, exceeds its fair value.

Debt Discounts and Issuance Costs

Debt discounts and issuance costs (“DDIC”) incurred to obtain new debt financing or modify existing debt financing consist of incremental direct costs incurred for professional fees and due diligence services. If convertible notes are issued in conjunction with warrants, the Company allocates the proceeds to each component using a relative fair value. DDIC are presented in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as a reduction in the carrying value of the debt and are accreted to interest expense using the effective interest method.

When debt arrangements are amended, the revised terms are evaluated to determine if the amendment should be accounted for as a troubled debt restructuring, a modification or an extinguishment. If the Company determines that the lender has provided a concession and the Company is experiencing financial difficulties, treatment as a troubled debt restructuring would be required where a gain would generally be recognized. If the Company concludes that accounting as a modification is required, then any costs incurred on behalf of the lenders are accounted for as additional DDIC. If the Company concludes that accounting as an extinguishment is required, an extinguishment charge is measured on the date of the amendment based on the amount by which the fair value of the new debt instrument exceeds the net carrying value of the original debt instrument.

Beneficial Conversion Features

A beneficial conversion feature (“BCF”) is a non-detachable conversion feature that is “in the money” at the commitment date, which requires recognition of interest expense for underlying debt instruments and a deemed dividend for underlying equity instruments. A conversion option is in the money if the effective conversion price is lower than the commitment date fair value of a share into which it is convertible. A contingent BCF feature is measured using the commitment date security price but is not recognized in earnings until the contingency is resolved.

Research and Development Costs

Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Intangible assets for in-licensing costs incurred under license agreements with third parties are charged to expense, unless the licensing rights have separate economic value in alternative future research and development projects or otherwise.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company measures the fair value of employee and director services received in exchange for all equity awards granted, including stock options, based on the fair market value of the award as of the grant date. The Company computes the fair value of stock options using the Black-Scholes-Merton (“BSM”) option pricing model and recognizes the cost of the equity awards over the period that services are provided to earn the award, usually the vesting period. For awards granted which contain a graded vesting schedule, and the only condition for vesting is a service condition, compensation cost is recognized as an expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period as if the award was, in substance, a single award. The Company recognizes the impact of forfeitures in the period that the forfeiture occurs, rather than estimating the number of awards that are not expected to vest in accounting for stock-based compensation.

Options and Warrants for Non-Employee Services

The Company accounts for stock options and warrants granted to non-employees by determining the fair value of the equity instrument issued on the commitment date, with expense recognized over the service period. Prior to the establishment of the commitment date, the Company continues to remeasure the fair value of the award, resulting in the recognition of subsequent gains and losses until the commitment date is achieved. The Company estimates fair value of non-employee awards using the BSM option pricing model.

Derivatives

When the Company enters into a financial instrument such as a debt or equity agreement (the “host contract”), the Company assesses whether the economic characteristics of any embedded features are clearly and closely related to the primary economic characteristics of the remainder of the host contract. When it is determined that (i) an embedded feature possesses economic characteristics that are not clearly and closely related to the primary economic characteristics of the host contract, and (ii) a separate, stand-alone instrument with the same terms would meet the definition of a financial derivative instrument and cannot be classified in stockholders’ equity, then the embedded feature is bifurcated from the host contract and accounted for as a derivative instrument. The estimated fair value of the derivative feature is recorded separately from the carrying value of the host contract, with subsequent changes in the estimated fair value recorded as a non-operating gain or loss in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based on differences between financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using enacted tax rates and laws that are expected to be in effect when the differences are expected to be recovered or settled. Realization of deferred income tax assets is dependent upon future taxable income. A valuation allowance is recognized if it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred income tax asset will not be realized based on the weight of available evidence, including expected future earnings.

The Company recognizes an uncertain tax position in its financial statements when it concludes that a tax position is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination based solely on its technical merits. Only after a tax position passes the first step of recognition will measurement be required. Under the measurement step, the tax benefit is measured as the largest amount of benefit that is more likely than not to be realized upon effective settlement. This is determined on a cumulative probability basis. The full impact of any change in recognition or measurement is reflected in the period in which such change occurs. Interest and penalties related to income taxes are recognized in the provision for income taxes.

Loss Per Common Share

Basic net loss per common share is computed by dividing the net loss applicable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for each period presented. Net loss applicable to common stockholders is further adjusted to deduct BCFs that arise from deemed dividends as discussed above. Diluted net loss per common share is computed by giving effect to all potential shares of Common Stock, including stock options, convertible debt, Series AA Preferred Stock and warrants, to the extent dilutive.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted Standards. The following accounting standards were adopted during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2019:

In March 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment, aimed at simplifying the accounting for share-based transactions. The standard included modifications to the accounting for income taxes upon vesting or settlement of equity awards, employer tax withholding on share-based compensation and financial statement presentation of excess tax benefits. The Company decided to recognize forfeitures in the period that the forfeiture occurs rather than estimating the number of awards that are not expected to vest in accounting for stock-based compensation. ASU 2016-09 was effective for the Company on July 1, 2018 and the adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments — Overall: Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, which addresses certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of financial instruments. ASU 2016-01 was effective for the Company on July 1, 2018. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-9, Compensation — Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting. This ASU includes guidance on what changes to share-based payment awards would require modification accounting. The Company adopted this ASU on July 1, 2018. The adoption of the new provisions did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations.

Standards Required to be Adopted in Future Years. The following accounting standards are not yet effective; management has not completed its evaluation to determine the impact that adoption of these standards will have on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.  ASU 2016-13 amends the guidance on the impairment of financial instruments.  This update adds an impairment model (known as the current expected credit losses model) that is based on expected losses rather than incurred losses.  Under the new guidance, an entity recognizes, as an allowance, its estimate of expected credit losses.  In November 2018, ASU 2016-13 was amended by ASU 2018-19, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses. ASU 2018-19 changes the effective date of the credit loss standards (ASU 2016-13) to fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Further, the ASU clarifies that operating lease receivables are not within the scope of ASC 326-20 and should instead be accounted for under the new leasing standard, ASC 842.   The Company has not yet determined the effect that ASU 2018-19 will have on its results operations, balance sheets or financial statement disclosures.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). This ASU requires the Company to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and also disclose key information about leasing arrangements. Early adoption is permitted, and the new standard was required to be adopted retrospectively to each prior reporting period presented upon initial adoption. However, in July 2018 the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-11 Targeted Improvements, which provides lessees the option to apply the new leasing standard to all open leases as of the adoption date by recognizing a cumulative-effect adjustment to accumulated deficit in the period of adoption without restating prior periods. The Company expects the primary impact of adopting this standard will result in the recognition of right-of-use assets and right-of-use liabilities for the discounted present value of the lease commitments summarized in Note 9. The Company intends to utilize the transition approach set forth in ASU No. 2018-11 upon adoption of ASU No. 2016-02 which is required on July 1, 2019. The expected impact of adoption to be reflected in the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the fiscal quarter ending September 30, 2019, is as follows (in thousands):

 

In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07, “Compensation — Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting,” which expands the scope of ASC 718 to include share-based payment transactions for acquiring goods and services from non-employees. An entity should apply the requirements of ASC 718 to non-employee awards except for specific guidance on inputs to an option pricing model and the attribution of cost. The new guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim reporting periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the effects of the adoption of this guidance and currently expects to adopt this guidance for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2020.